MANAGEMENT OF BENEFICIAL INSECTS PDF (HINDI,ENGLISH,BOOK,PPT,WORD,QUIZ)
Part- I
Beekeeping- significance, freak species and biology, marketable styles of parenting, outfit used, seasonal operation, freak adversaries and complaint. Bee pasture, freak rustling and communication. Sericulture- significance, species of silkworm, voltinism and biology of silkworm. Mulberry civilization, mulberry kinds and styles of harvesting and preservation of leaves. Rearing, mounting and harvesting of cocoons. Pest and conditions of silkworm. Lac culture- significance, species of lac nonentity, morphology, biology, host shops, lac product- seed lac, button lac, shellac, lac- products. Part- II nonentity orders bearing parasitoids and bloodsuckers used in pest control and their mass addition ways. Important species of pollinators, weed killers and scavengers with their significance. preface
The term ‘ Lac ” deduced from the sanskrit word “ Laksha ” meaning “ hundred thousand’ and is suggestive of the ‘ large number of insects’ involved in its product. The description of the nonentity and its host factory- Palas( Lakshataru) is recorded in the Atharva veda. Rearing of lac insects for marketable product of the lac is called as
LAC CULTURE.
The first scientific account of the lac nonentity was given by J. Kerr in 1782.
significance OF LAC CULTURE
Lac civilization is a good source of livelihood for poor growers. It assured source of income during failure times from borderline and demoralized land. This nonentity has no competition with other crops. India is the top lac producing country of the world( 65 of the world), followed by Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and China. Jharkhand( 55 percent) and Chhattisgarh regard 40 per cent of India’s total product of lac. profitable significance of lac culture Shellac is used in French polish, bottom polish, gramophone records, lavalieres , flot, publishing essay, electric insulators, sealing wax, varnishes, bonds etc. To paint rustic toys Paint sides of vessels to help leakage. Used in ayurvedic drugs( i.e. fever, rheumatism, as germicidal etc.) Lac contains nitrogen and hence used as ordure Lac color used for dyeing eri- silk which gives beautiful red colour. 1925 Indian Lac Research Institute, Ranchi, Bihar( Now, Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Epoxies)
BIOLOGY
Egg Laccifer lacca, laid eggs inside the encrustations. womanish is viviparous( The womanish oviposits a large number of eggs in the space called “ Ovisac ”), producing 1000 nymphs. Eggs door incontinently as first instar nymphs having boat shaped, deep red in colour with black eyes, soft bodied, 0.6 mm long,
3 dyads of leg and a brace of antennae. Nymphs crop out of cell through the opening near the anal region of the womanish. Emergence of nymphs is called swarming( This mass movement of nymphs from womanish cell to the new off- shoots of host factory, is nominated as “ swarming ”.). First instar nymphs are called CRAWLERS. dawdlers hunt for tender branches and settle on them and feed by piercing the shoot with their long stylets. One or two days after settling they start concealing lac or resin resinous covering called
cell( Resin from hypodermal gland which gradationally box the body of the nonentity completely by a structure appertained to as “ CELL ”). As nonentity grow, stashing also increases and fully covers the nonentity forming a spherical cell, and is nonstop hence the coating of one nonentity meets and coalesces with that from another. stashing is produced by resin glands present each over the cuticle except mouth corridor, tip of tummy, and breathing pores.
Males walk over the lac encrustations; fertilize the ladies present inside cell through anal tubercular opening. womanish cell several times larger than manly cell. womanish lac nonentity Oval or Pyriform body about 4- 5 mm in length, antennae and legs regressed; eyes and bodies are absent, having piercing and stinking mouth corridor. A pari of spiracles lies posterior to mouth. Host shops exemplifications Palas( Butea monosperma), Ber( Zizyphus jujube), Kusum( Schleichera oleosa), Khair( Acacia catechu). Flemingia semialata are introuduced species of factory on which lac civilization can take up on colony base. There are two distinct strains of lac nonentity in India called KUSUMI and RANGEENI. The kusumi strain is raised substantially on kusum tree and the rangeeni on all other host shops similar as palas, ber, etc., Each of the strains produced two crops in a time therefore there are four crops.
Important Points
1. Lac buried by Kerria lacca is generally true lac which is brown in colour.
2. The accessories that are lost after first moult in lac insects are eyes/ antennae/ legs none of these/ all of these
3. Both males and ladies of lac nonentity recapture the lost accessories after first moulttrue/ false
4. Resin glands are distributed each over the body except- mouth corridor annus/ spiracles all of these/ none of these
5. Name the natural control agent nonentity that's generally used as bloodsucker in IPM, but it is pest, which feeds on lac nonentity but not on lac- herbage lacwing( Chrysopa spp) Dr Mukesh Nitharwal COA, Fatehpur( Lac- civilization Parenting of lac nonentity on host trees for the product of lac for its marketable value is called Lac- Cultivation.
Lac culture involves six important way
1. Pruning of host factory 2. Inoculation 3. Phunki junking 4. nonentity pest operation 5. Harvesting 6. Scrapping 1. Pruning of host factory helps in the growth of new and short shoots suitable for agreement of lac insects. Old and hard branches can noway give a satisfactory product. Dead and diseased branches should be removed. 2. Inoculation means system by which the lac insects are introduced to the new lac host factory is known as inoculation. It may do either as Natural inoculation( natural movement of nonentity). Artificial Inoculation Brood lacs are also kept for about two weeks in some cool place, when naiads start arising from this posterity lac, they are supposed to be ready for inoculation. volume of posterity lac needed 20 gm of posterity lac is needed for 1 m of shoot length.
๐ BENEFICIAL INSECTS
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