Geoinformatics and Nanotechnology and Precision Farming PDF (HINDI,ENGLISH,BOOK,PPT,WORD,QUIZ)
Theory Precision
husbandry generalities and ways; their issues and enterprises for Indian husbandry; Geo- informatics- description, generalities, tool and ways; their use in Precision Agriculture. Crop demarcation and Yield monitoring, soil mapping; toxin recommendation using geospatial technologies; Spatial data and their operation in Civilians; Remote seeing generalities and operation in husbandry; Image processing and interpretation; Global positioning system( GPS), factors and its functions; preface to crop Simulation Models and their uses for optimization of Agricultural Inputs; STCR approach for perfection husbandry; Nanotechnology, description, generalities and ways, brief preface about nanoscale goods, nano- patches, nano- fungicides, nano- diseases, nano- detectors, Use of nanotechnology in seed, water, toxin, factory protection for scaling- up ranch productivity.
Practical
preface to Civilians software, spatial data creation and editing. preface to image processing software. Visual and digital interpretation of remote seeing images. Generation of spectral biographies of different objects. Supervised and unsupervised bracket and realty estimation. Multispectral remote seeing for soil mapping. Creation of thematic layers of soil fertility grounded on Civilians. Creation of productivity and operation zones. Diseases recommendations grounded of VRT and STCR ways. Crop stress( biotic/ abiotic) monitoring using geospatial technology. Use of GPS for agrarian check. expression, characterization and operations of nanoparticles in husbandry. systems expression and prosecution related to perfection husbandry.
Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and operation of extremely small effects and can be used across all the other wisdom fields, similar as chemistry, biology, drugs, accoutrements wisdom, and engineering. The ideas and generalities behind nanoscience and nanotechnology started with a talk entitled “ There’s plenitude of Room at the Bottom ” by physicist Richard Feynman at an American Physical Society meeting at the California Institute of Technology( CalTech) on December 29, 1959, long before the term nanotechnology was used. In his talk, Feynman described a process in which scientists would be suitable to manipulate and control individual tittles and motes. Over a decade latterly, in his studies of ultraprecision machining, Professor Norio Taniguchi chased the term nanotechnology. It was n’t until 1981, with the development of the scanning tunneling microscope that could “ see ” individual tittles that ultramodern nanotechnology began. When Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, he called it a small step for man and a giant vault for humanity.
Nano may represent another giant vault for humanity, but with a step so small that it makes Neil Armstrong look the size of a solar system. The prefix “ nano ” means one billionth. One nanometer( shortened as 1 nm) is 000,000 of a cadence. To get a sense of the nano scale, a mortal hair measures , 000 nanometers across, a bacterial cell measures a many hundred nano- measures through, and the lowest features that are generally etched on a marketable microchip as of February 2002 are around 130 nano- measures across. The lowest effects seeable with the unaided mortal eye are 10,000 nano- measures across. Just ten hydrogen tittles and any snippet in a line make up one nano- cadence. It’s really veritably small indeed. The ensuing picture easily illustrates the size of the nano flyspeck.
For a simple analogy, if one billion Indian populations are lined up in a one cadence length, each Indian could be the size of the nano flyspeck. description Nanoscience is, at its simplest, the study of the abecedarian principles of motes and structures with at least one dimension roughly between 1 and 100 nanometers. These structures are known, maybe imaginative, as nanostructures. Nanotechnology is the operation of these nanostructures into useful nanoscale bias. To explain that, it’s important to understand that the nanoscale is n’t just small, it’s a special kind of small.
History
December 29, 1959 plenitude of Room at the Bottom A lecture of Richard Feynman delivered at the California Institute of Technology. It was named, “ There’s plenitude of Room at the Bottom. ” Then, he proposed the “ possibility of manoeuvring effects snippet by snippet. ” In the book entitled “ Surely your joking Mr Feynman ” written in honour of him tells further about his exploration in the field of nanotechnology. Mid-1970s Nanotechnology Idea of molecular nanotechnology, began in the mind of Eric Drexler, MIT undergraduate. He realized that the natural ‘ ministry’ could be acclimated to makenon-living products upon command.
1974 Molecular bias The first molecular electronic device was patented by Aviram and Seiden of IBM. Professor Norio Taniguchi of Tokyo Science University constructed the term nanotechnology. 1980 Molecular Nanotechnology Eric Drexler, an MIT pupil, writes the first paper on advanced nanotechnology. 1986 Machines of Creation During the same time period, K. Eric Drexler publishes “ Machines of Creation. ” Drexler presented his instigative ideas on molecular nanotechnology to a general followership.
1994 Gold patches Stable gold nanoparticles with molecular protection were made in result. “ conflation of Thiol- Derivatised Gold Nanoparticles in a Two- Phase Liquid – Liquid System ”, Brust, M., M. Walker, D. Bethell, D.J. Schiffrin and R. Whyman, J. Chem. , Chem. Commun.,( 1994), pp. 801 – 802. 4 A Textbook on Fundamentals and Applications of Nanotechnology January 1996 Assembling motes Scientists at IBM succeed in moving and precisely situating individual motes at room temperature. 2001 Moore’s Law Surpassed In June 2001,
Intel Corporation experimenters blazoned that they had created the technology demanded to produce the world’s lowest and fastest silicon transistor on a mass scale. These switch on and off.5 trillion times a alternate. September 2002 Molecular Electronics Advance The loftiest viscosity electronically nontransferable memory to date has been developed. The 64- bit memory uses molecular switches. The total area is lower than one square micron, giving it a bit viscosity that's further than ten times that of current silicon memory chips.
2008 Noble prize for drugs The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 was awarded concertedly to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg “ for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance ” 2010 Nobel prize for Graphene Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics “ for groundbreaking trials regarding the two- dimensional material graphene ”. Graphene is a form of carbon. As a material it's fully new – not only the thinnest ever but also the strongest.
📚 Geoinformatics and Nanotechnology
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