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Fundamentals of Horticulture PDF (HINDI,ENGLISH,BOOK,PPT,WORD,QUIZ)
The word horticulture-first conceived by Peter Laurenberg. In English language the word horticulture- used for the first time in 1678 in a book entitled “ New World of Words ” by Phillips Garden- a broad term. Garden- began from the latin term Gyrdanmeaning „ to enclose ‟. When fruits are grown in a definite area also that part is called as an Orchard.
• Hence, horticulture is that branch of Agriculture which concerns with the theater crops. • Horticulture can also be defined as the branch of husbandry concerned with intensely cultivated shops directly used by man for food, for medicinal purposes or for aesthetic purposes. Main identifying features of horticulture
• Horticulture crops are used in a living state while others like grains etc. are n't used in a living state. • Horticulture crops are comparatively more intensely cultivated than field crops. • Horticulture crops have high water content and are largely perishable.
• Artistic operations like propagation, training, pruning and harvesting are professed and specific to horticultural crops. • Horticultural yield are rich source of vitamins and minerals and alkaloids.
DIVISIONS OF HORTICULTURE
• product of comestible fruit crops Pomology pomum = fruits, logy = wisdom,
• product of vegetable crops Olericulture oleris = pot condiment • product of cosmetic crops Floriculture and Landscaping
• Preservation of horticulture produce for consumption Fruit Technology Pomology • Pomology is a branch of horticulture which deals with colorful aspects of fruits starting from rising of saplings, growing them duly and furnishing colorful intercultural operations, the term pomology is a combination of two Latin words pome- fruits and ensigns- culture. “ Poma ” in Greek means fruits latterly latterly transfer in to „ Pome ” in Latin word means fruits, ensigns- study. Floriculture And Landscaping
• Floricultureis a branch of Horticulture which deals with marketable growing, marketing and arranging flowers and cosmetic shops, which includes annuals, biennials and perennials viz., trees, shrubs, rovers and herbaceous perennials. • Landscapingis the design and alternation of a portion of land by use of planting material and land reconstructions. Post Harvest Technology • It deals with post crop running, grading, packaging, storehouse, processing, value addition, marketing etc. of horticulture crops.
HISTORY
• History of fruit civilization is as old as civilization. • Fruits have their references in Vedas, Purans, Upnishadsetc.
• Oldest fruit is said to be Date palmas its reference dates back to 7000 B.C., coming is Pomegranate( 3500 B.C), Grapes( 2440 B.C), Mangoes, Banana and Coconut( 2000 B.C), Peach and Almond( 1300 B.C), Olive( 100 B.C).
• First book simply on litchi civilization was published in China in 1056 bulletin • In India, marketable horticulture- recent origin( 100 times old). • Vineyards in olden days- planted just for hobbyhorse by the lords
• Akbarplanted> 1 lakh shops of fruit trees at Dharbanga( in Bihar) – named as Lakhbagh- appertained in a book called Ain – e – Akbari. Mughals- established Mughal auditoriums . • In H. P.Major Bannon and Captain Lee-first to plant the apple estate in Kullu vale. • Sir Alexander Coutts- an apple estate at Mashobra.
• S.N.Stokes- apple growing in Kotgarh Origins of Horticultural Science
• The origin of horticultural wisdom derives from a coming together of three events - the conformation of scientific societies in the 17th century, - the creation of agrarian and horticultural societies in the 18th century, and - the establishment of state- supported agrarian exploration in the 19th century in different countries.
• In England Two seminal horticultural societies involved - The Horticultural Society of London( latterly the Royal Horticulture Society) innovated in 1804 and - The Society for Horticultural Science( latterly the American Society for Horticultural Science) innovated in 1903.
IMPORTANCE OF HORTICULTURE
• Diet • Entertainment • Medicinal purposes • Environment • Aesthetic value • profitable value significance of fruits in mortal diet
• From mortal nutrition point of view, horticulture is most important to our diurnal living. numerous of the horticulture crops and their products find place in our refections and diet.
• mortal body requires vitamins, minerals, proteins, energy etc. for its health. All these are supplied by horticultural crops. Fruits and vegetables are the principal sources of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins etc. are honored as defensive foodsas they're necessary for the conservation of mortal health.
• A person should consume atleast 120 g of fruits per day as per Indian Council of Medical Research, but the consumption of fruits per capta in India is still low. still, the vacuity of fruit is 172 g per day in our country. In countries like Italy, France and USA, the consumption is 308, 232 and 223 g/ day independently.
• Deficiency of any minerals and nutrients is depicted by the mortal body by giving typical symptoms. The great maturity of people gain utmost of their carbohydrates and proteins from cereals and beats but their diets must also contain significant quantum of fruits to insure that they get the vitamins which are n't handed by the chief cereal foods. Vitamins
• These are the important ingredients of fruits and vegetables and are necessary part of mortal diet. • Although needed in veritably minute amounts, they're absolutely essential for the conservation of health.
• The insufficiency of any vitamin from the diet for considerable period may lead to diseased state or complaint conditions.
• Fruits and vegetables supply several vitamins.
๐ Fundamentals of Horticulture
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