Crop Improvement – I (Kharif) PDF (HINDI,ENGLISH,BOOK,PPT,WORD,QUIZ)
Centers of origin, distribution of species, wild cousins in different cereals; beats; oilseeds; fibres; fodders and cash crops; vegetable and horticultural crops; Plant inheritable coffers, its application and conservation Floral biology, study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters; Important generalities of breeding tone pollinated, cross pollinated and vegetatively propagated crops; Major parentage objects and procedures including conventional and ultramodern innovative approaches for development of mongrels and kinds for yield, rigidity, stability, abiotic and biotic stress forbearance and quality( physical, chemical, nutritive); Seed product technology in tone pollinated, cross pollinated and vegetatively propagated crops.
Cereals Rice, sludge, sludge and bajra beats Urd, mung, cowpea, pigeonpea and moth bean
Oilseeds Soybean, sesame and groundnut
Fibre crops Cotton
Fodder Bajra, sludge, sludge
Vegetables Chilli and tomato
Cash/ other crops Castor
mongrel seed product technology in Maize, Rice, Sorghum, Pearl millet and Pigeonpea, etc. Ideotype conception and climate flexible crop kinds for future. Practical Masculinity and hybridization ways in different crop species; viz., Rice, Maize, Sorghum, Pearl Millet, Pigeonpea, Urdbean, Mungbean, Soybean, Groundnut, Seasame, Castor, Cotton, Cowpea and Pearl millet. conservation parentage of different kharif crops.
Handling of germplasm and separating populations by different styles like birth, bulk and single seed decent styles; Study of field ways for seed product and mongrel seeds product in Kharif crops; Estimation of heterosis, inbreeding depression and heritability; Layout of field trials; Study of quality characters, patron parents for different characters; Visit to seed product plots; Visit to AICRP plots of different field crops
Centers of Origin of Crop shops Centers of Origin of Crop shops
The origin of crop shops is now introductory to plant parentage in order to detect wild cousins, affiliated species, and new genes( especially dominant genes, sources of complaint resistance). Knowledge of the origins of crop shops is vitally important in order to avoid inheritable corrosion, the loss of germplasm due to the loss of ecotypes and landraces, loss of niche( similar as rainforests), and increased urbanization. Germplasm preservation is fulfilled through gene banks( largely seed collections but now firmed stem sections) and preservation of natural territories( especially in centers of origin).
VAVILOVIAN CENTRES OF DIVERSITY
Vavilov( 1926,1951), a Russian geneticts and factory breeder, was the colonist man who realized the significance of inheritable diversity for crop enhancement. Grounded on his studies of global disquisition and collection. Vavilov proposed eight main centres and three attachment centres of diversity. The conception of centers of Origin was given by N.I.
Vavilov in 1926. He linked eight main centres and threesub-centres of diversity. He proposed or Law of resemblant variation. Law of resemblant variation The conception of resemblant variation or law of Homologous series of variation was developed by N.I. Vavilov.( 1951) grounded on his study of crop diversity and centres of origin.
Law of Homologous series of variation countries that a particular variation observed in a crop species is also anticipated to available in another affiliated species also Vavilov used principle of homologous series of variation as a indication for discovering analogous characters in affiliated species. The Eight Vavilovian Centers Old World Chinese Center The largest independent center which includes the mountainous regions of central and western China, and conterminous lowlands.
A aggregate of 136 aboriginal shops are listed, among which are a many known to us as important crops. Cereals and Legumes Plant inheritable coffers, its application and conservation Plant Genetic coffers The sum aggregate of genes in a crop species is appertained to as inheritable coffers. or Gene pool refers to a whole library of different alleles of a species. or Germplasm may be defined as the sum aggregate of heritable material i.e., all the alleles of colorful genes present in a crop species and its wild cousins. It's also known as gene pool or inheritable stock or germplasm or inheritable coffers. Germplasm or gene pool is the introductory material with which a factory breeder has to initiate his parentage programme.
Important features of factory inheritable coffers are Gene pool represents the entire inheritable variability or diversity available in a crop species. Germplasm consists of land races, ultramodern cultivars, obsolete cultivars, breeding stocks, wild forms and wild species of cultivated crops. Germplasm includes both cultivated and wild species or cousins of crop shops. Germplasm is collected from the centres of diversity, gene banks, gene sanctuaries, growers fields, requests and seed companies.
Germplasm is the introductory material for launching a crop enhancement programme. Germplasm may be indigenous( collected with in country) or fantastic ( collected from foreign countries) points OF PGR help inheritable corrosion by 1. Collection 2. Conservation 3. Study of attestation and 4. Application The Convention on Biological Diversity( CBD) defines inheritable coffers as inheritable material of factual or implicit value. The term ‘ inheritable material’ means any material of CROP enhancement- I( KHARIF) Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour( Bhagalpur) factory, beast, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity. The value of any functional units of heredity can be captured in two confines which is the inheritable structure per se can be utilised; or the information reprised in the nucleotide sequence of the inheritable material can be read. FAO( 1989) used the term to mean any profitable, scientific or societal value of the inheritable accoutrements contained within and among factory species. According to IPGRI( 1993), PGR include the following orders of shops i) Cultivated kinds( cultivars) in current use; ii) recently developed kinds; iii) Obsolete cultivars; iv) Primitive cultivars( land races); v) Wild and rampant cousins of cultivated kinds and vi) Special inheritable stocks( including elite and current breeders’ line and mutants) Kinds of Germplasm The germplasm consists of colorful factory accoutrements of a crop similar as land races, advanced( homozygous), breeding accoutrements , obsolete cultivars, wild forms of cultivated species, ultramodern cultivars, wild cousins, mutants
📚 Food Science and Nutrition
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| HINDI 1 | 📄 View PDF |
| HINDI 2 | 📄 View PDF |
| HINDI 3 | 📄 View PDF |
| HINDI 4 | 📄 View PDF |
| ENGLISH 1 | 📄 View PDF |
| ENGLISH 2 | 📄 View PDF |
| PPT 1 RICE | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 2 Wheat | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 3 Maize | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 4 SORGHUM | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 5 Pearl millet | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 6 SUGARCANE | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 7 forage grasses | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 8 Papilionaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 9 COWPEA | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 10 Groundnut | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 11 forage legumes | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 12 Pedaliaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 13 Asteraceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 14 Pedaliaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 15 OLEACEAE | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 16 Brassicaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 17 Euphorbiaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 18 Arecaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 19 Tiliaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 20 Piperaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 21 solanaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 22 Mimosae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 23 cucurbitaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 24 alliaceae | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 25 musa | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 26 ** | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 27 Bentham | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 28 Plant Nomenclature | 📄 View PPT |
| PPT 29 Classification | 📄 View PPT |
| QUIZ 1 | 📄 View QUIZ |
| QUIZ 2 | 📄 View QUIZ |
| QUIZ 3 | 📄 View QUIZ |
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