Post-harvest Management and Value Addition of Fruits and Vegetables PDF (HINDI,ENGLISH,BOOK,PPT,WORD,QUIZ)

Post-harvest Management and Value Addition of Fruits and Vegetables PDF (HINDI,ENGLISH,BOOK,PPT,WORD,QUIZ)

 Significance ofpost-harvest processing of fruits and vegetables, extent and possible causes of post crop losses;Pre-harvest factors affecting postharvest quality, maturity,  growing and changes  being during  growing; Respiration and factors affecting respiration rate; Maturity  indicators, Harvesting and field  running; Storage( ZECC, cold  storehouse, CA, MA, and hypobaric); Value addition conception; Principles and  styles of preservation; Intermediate  humidity food- Jam, jelly, marmalade,  save, delicacy – generalities and norms; Fermented andnon-fermented  potables. Tomato products generalities and norms; Drying/ Dehumidification of fruits and vegetables – Concept and  styles, bibulous drying. Canning- – generalities and norms, packaging of products.  

Practical  

Identification and operations of different types of packaging, holders for shelf life extension. Identification of important tools accoutrements  machines and chemicals  needed for PHT laboratory, Demonstration of Zero energy cool chamber, Effect of temperature on shelf life and quality of  yield. Demonstration of chilling and  indurating injury in vegetables and fruits( drying and dehumidification). birth and preservation of pulps and authorities. Preparation of jam, jelly, Pickles, RTS, quencher, squash, osmotically dried products, fruit bar and delicacy and tomato products( sauce and ketchup),  mimetic products. Quality evaluation of products- physico- chemical( humidity, TSS, acidity and ascorbic acid) and  sensitive. Visit to processing unit/ assiduity.   

INTRODUCTION

Horticulture plays a significant  part in Indian Agriculture.  It contributes? GDP from? of its pastoralist land area.  India is the second largest patron of both fruits and vegetables in the world( 52.85 Mt and 108.20 Mt independently).  A considerable  quantum of fruits and vegetables produced in India is lost due to  indecorouspost-harvest operations  Only a small bit of fruits and vegetables are  employed for processing(  lower than 1) and exported( Fruits – 0.5 and Vegetables – 1.7) compared to other countries.  Post crop losses in fruits and vegetables are  veritably high( 20- 40).  About 10- 15 fresh fruits and vegetables shrivel and decay, lowering their  request value and consumer adequacy.  Minimizing these losses can increase their  force without bringing  fresh land under  civilization.  indecorous  running and  storehouse cause physical damage due to towel breakdown.   

Postharvest losses   

PH Losses Losses  do after harvesting is known as post crop losses.  Reasons for PH losses could be  numerous.  20- 30 of the losses at different stages( Swaminathan commission)  India loses about 35- 45 of the gathered fruits and vegetables during  running,  storehouse, transportation etc. leading to the loss of Rs.  40,000 crores per time( Chadha commission)  Farmer’s field( 15- 20)  Packaging( 15- 20)  Transportation( 30- 40)  Marketing( 30- 40)  Prevention of  similar losses is the most applicable  system to make  further quality fruits & vegetables   

Causes of PH losses   

1. Metabolic All fresh horticultural crops are live organs. The natural process of respiration involves the breakdown of food reserves and the aging of these organs.  
2. Mechanical Owing to their tender texture and high  humidity content, fresh fruits and vegetables are  veritably susceptible to mechanical injury. Poor  running,  infelicitous holders,  indecorous packaging and transportation can  fluently beget bruising, cutting, breaking, impact wounding and other forms of injury.  
3. Developmental These include sprouting,  lodging, seed germination, which lead to deterioration in quality and  nutritive value.  
4. Parasitic  conditions Highpost-harvest losses are caused by the  irruption of fungi, bacteria, insects and other organisms. Micro-organisms attack fresh produce  fluently and spread  snappily, because the  yield does n't have  important of a natural defense medium and has  plenitude of nutrients and  humidity to support microbial growth.   
5. Physiological deterioration Fruits and vegetable cells are still alive after crop and continue their physiological  exertion. Physiological  diseases may  do due to mineral  insufficiency, low or high temperature injury or undesirable atmospheric conditions,  similar as high  moisture, physiological deterioration can also  do spontaneously by enzymatic action leading toover-ripeness and anility, a simple aging  miracle.  
6. Lack of  request demand Poor planning or inaccurate  product and  request information may lead to over  product of certain fruits or vegetables which ca n’t be  vended in time. This situation occurs most  constantly in areas where transportation and  storehouse  installations are  shy. Produce may lie rotting in  product areas, if  growers are  unfit to transport it to people who need it in distant  locales.  
7. Consumption These losses can be due to  shy preservation  styles at home,  styles of  cuisine and medication  similar as  shelling, consumption styles etc . 

Others  

— Lack of clear conception of packing house operations.  
— Lack of  mindfulness among the  farmers, contractors and indeed the policy makers.  
— Lack of  structure.  
— Late  consummation of its  significance,  
— shy specialized support.  
— Wide gap in technologies available and in vogue.  
— shypost-harvest quality control.  
— Unorganized marketing.  
— Absence ofpre-cooling and cold  storehouse.  
— shy  request  installations,  request intelligence and  request information service( MIS)  
— Poor  storehouse  installations.   

PHT – significance and part   

PH Loss reduction  Value addition  donation to the Frugality  Making vacuity of fruits and vegetables during off seasons  Tools for import earnings  Employment generation  Adding variety in taste and nutrition  Waste application  Home scale preservation  force of food to the defense forces  Special  mimetic fruits for  babies & children’s  Food supplier to the Astronauts  The on-  ranch mobile processing unit could help in minimising the losses and increase the vacuity of value- added products to the  indigent at reasonable rates  growers can  vend these value added products at Rs 40 per kg, whereas, during glut season,  growers hardly get Rs five per kilo for raw tomato, at times it does n't compensate their logistics bring   Planting  viscosity   It affects the  volume, quality and shelf life of the  yield.  High  viscosity planting- increases competition between  shops, reduces light  therefore  drop quality.  Low  viscosity planting – large size, better coloured fruit, shorter shelf life.   

GENETIC/ VARIETY  

 kinds with thick peel, high firmness, low respiration rate and low ethylene  product rates longer  storehouse life  kinds with resistance to low temperature  diseases and/ or decay causing pathogens can be stored well for longer duration.  While growing horticultural crops – choose  kinds that  innately have got good quality and  storehouse  eventuality. 

📚 Post-harvest Management and Value Addition of Fruits and Vegetables

📚 Post-harvest Management and Value Addition of Fruits and Vegetables

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